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Johann Plenge (7 June 1874 - 11 September 1963) was a German sociologist. He was professor of political economy at the University of Münster. Professor Plenge was regarded a great authority on Karl Marx, and his work ''Marx und Hegel'' marks the beginning of the modern Hegel-renaissance among Marxist scholars.〔Hayek, Friedrich. ''The Road to Serfdom''. Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, 1979, p. 127.〕 Later his socialist views became very nationalistic, and he is regarded one of the most important intellectual forebears of National Socialism (Nazism). In his book ''1789 and 1914'' he contrasted the 'Ideas of 1789' (liberty) and the 'Ideas of 1914' (organisation). Plenge argued: "under the necessity of war socialist ideas have been driven into German economic life, its organisation has grown together into a new spirit, and so the assertion of our nation for mankind has given birth to the idea of 1914, the idea of German organisation, the national unity of state socialism".(). To Plenge, as for many other German nationalists and socialists, ''organization'' meant socialism and a planned economy (central direction). He regarded the war between Germany and England as a war between opposite principles, and believed that the "struggle for victory were new forces born out of the advanced economic life of the nineteenth century: socialism and organization".〔Hayek, p. 127.〕 Plenge was Ph. D. advisor of Kurt Schumacher and an ancestor of today's right wing tendency in SPD, the Seeheimer Kreis. Plenge had a strong influence the Marxist theorist and SPD politician Paul Lensch, along nationalistic lines. ==Works== * ''Westerwälder Hausierer und Hausgänger'', Duncker & Humblot (= ''Schriften des Vereins für Socialpolitik'' 78), Leipzig 1898 * ''Gründung und Geschichte des Credit Mobilier. Zwei Kapitel aus Anlagebanken, eine Einleitung in die Theorie des Anlagebankgeschäftes'', Laupp, Tübingen 1903 * ''Marx und Hegel'', Laupp, Tübingen 1911 * ''Von der Diskontpolitik zur Herrschaft über den Geldmarkt'', Springer, Berlin 1913 * ''Der Krieg und die Volkswirtschaft'', Borgmeyer, Münster 1915 * ''1789 und 1914: Die symbolischen Jahre in der Geschichte des politischen Geistes'', Springer, Berlin 1916 * ''Die Revolutionierung der Revolutionäre'', Der Neue Geist, Leipzig 1918 * ''Zur Vertiefung desSozialismus'', Der Neue Geist, Leipzig 1919 * ''Die Altersreife des Abendlandes'', Robert Kämmerer, Düsseldorf 1948 * ''Cogito ergo sumus''. Ed. Hanns Linhardt, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1964 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Johann Plenge」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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